Below are selected peer reviewed publications that provide some information on caffeine and fruit juice(s) based drug interactions. We encourage you to seek additional information, but be wary of supposed “scientific” literature that is not backed by data resulting from scientifically designed studies. Always consider the source of the information when determining authenticity.
Iqbal N, Ahmad B, Janbaz KH, Gilani AU, Niazi SK. The effect of caffeine on the pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen in man. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1995 Aug;16(6):481-7.
Raaska K, Raitasuo V, Laitila J, Neuvonen PJ. Effect of caffeine-containing versus decaffeinated coffee on serum clozapine concentrations in hospitalised patients. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2004 Jan;94(1):13-8.
Al Hadithy A, Leeffers E, Bruggeman R. Clozapine levels might be affected by excessive cola consumption. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2012 Oct;32(5):717-9.
Ursing C, Wikner J, Brismar K, Röjdmark S. Caffeine raises the serum melatonin level in healthy subjects: an indication of melatonin metabolism by cytochrome P450(CYP)1A2. J Endocrinol Invest. 2003 May;26(5):403-6.
Härtter S, Nordmark A, Rose DM, Bertilsson L, Tybring G, Laine K. Effects of caffeine intake on the pharmacokinetics of melatonin, a probe drug for CYP1A2 activity. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Dec;56(6):679-82.
Sato J, Nakata H, Owada E, Kikuta T, Umetsu M, Ito K. Influence of usual intake of dietary caffeine on single-dose kinetics of theophylline in healthy human subjects. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1993;44(3):295-8.
Cysneiros RM, Farkas D, Harmatz JS, von Moltke LL, Greenblatt DJ. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between zolpidem and caffeine. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2007 Jul;82(1):54-62.
David G Bailey, J Malcolm, O Arnold, and J David Spence. Grapefruit juice–drug interactions. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1998 Aug; 46(2): 101–110.
David G. Bailey, George Dresser, J. Malcolm, and O. Arnold. Grapefruit–medication interactions: Forbidden fruit or avoidable consequences? CMAJ. 2013 Mar 5; 185(4): 309-316.